Preclinical pharmacokinetic characterization of 2-(4-(4-(5-(2-phenyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)oxazole-4-carboxamido)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)phenyl)cyclohexyl) acetic acid, a novel DGAT-1 inhibitor

Xenobiotica. 2014 May;44(5):465-71. doi: 10.3109/00498254.2013.847218. Epub 2013 Oct 23.

Abstract

1. A novel diacylglyceride acyltransferase-1 (DGAT-1) inhibitor, 2-(4-(4-(5-(2-phenyl-5-(trifluoromethyl) oxazole-4-carboxamido)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)phenyl)cyclohexyl) acetic acid (KR-69232), was synthesized for a potential therapeutic use against several metabolic disorders, such as obesity, insulin resistance, and type II diabetes, characterized by excessive triglycerides (TGs) in the blood. 2. The half-lives against phase I metabolism were measured as 75.3 ± 20.9 min and over 120 min in rat and human liver microsomes, respectively. In Caco-2 cell monolayers, extremely low permeability (<0.13 × 10⁻⁶cm/s) was seen in the absorptive direction, predicting limited intestinal absorption of KR-69232. This compound was highly bound to rat and human plasma proteins (>99.8%). 3. With the intravenous administration of KR-69232 in rats (1, 2, and 5 mg/kg), non-linear kinetics were observed at the highest dose, with significantly higher systemic clearance, higher volume of distribution, and lower dose-normalized AUC. Following oral administration, it exhibited low bioavailability (<10%) and was absorbed slowly (T(max), 3.8-5.2 h) over the dose range. We also confirmed that considerable KR-69232 remained in the intestine at T(max), demonstrating its limited absorption into the systemic circulation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acetates / metabolism
  • Acetates / pharmacokinetics*
  • Animals
  • Benzimidazoles / metabolism
  • Benzimidazoles / pharmacokinetics*
  • Blood Proteins / metabolism
  • Caco-2 Cells / drug effects
  • Diacylglycerol O-Acyltransferase / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacokinetics*
  • Humans
  • Inactivation, Metabolic
  • Intestinal Absorption
  • Male
  • Microsomes, Liver / drug effects
  • Permeability
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Substances

  • 2-(4-(4-(5-(2-phenyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)oxazole-4-carboxamido)-1H-benzo(d)imidazol-2-yl)phenyl)cyclohexyl)acetic acid
  • Acetates
  • Benzimidazoles
  • Blood Proteins
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • DGAT1 protein, human
  • Diacylglycerol O-Acyltransferase