The association between excision repair cross complementing group 2 (ERCC2) Asp312Asn polymorphism and lung cancer has been reported by many articles recently, but the results were controversial and inconclusive. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between them. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of association. A total of 22 full studies with 20,101 subjects (8719 cases and 11,382 controls) were included in our research. The meta-analysis result showed that no significant association was found between ERCC2 Asp312Asn polymorphism and lung cancer in overall analysis (AA vs. GG, OR=1.023, 95% CI=0.824-1.270, p=0.838; AG vs. GG, OR=1.003, 95% CI=0.936-1.074, p=0.942; AA+AG vs. GG, OR=1.013, 95% CI=0.949-1.082, p=0.697; AA vs. AG+GG, OR=1.033, 95% CI=0.841-1.270, p=0.755). In subset analyses of stratified ethnicity, significantly increased risk was found among Asians (AA vs. GG, OR=3.212, 95% CI=1.518-6.795, p=0.002; AA vs. AG+GG, OR=3.174, 95% CI=1.500-6.712, p=0.003), whereas the association was not found among Caucasians under any genetic models. When analyses were conducted based on the study design, it indicated that the risk of lung cancer might be significantly increased in a hospital-based study (AA vs. GG, OR=1.323, 95% CI=1.096-1.596, p=0.004; AA+AG vs. GG, OR=1.109, 95% CI=1.000-1.229, p=0.050; AA vs. AG+GG, OR=1.285, 95% CI=1.076-1.535, p=0.006). In addition, a significantly increased risk for nonsmokers was detected under the dominant model (AA+AG vs. GG, OR=1.460, 95% CI=1.095-1.948, p=0.010). In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggested ERCC2 Asp312Asn polymorphism may increase the risk of lung cancer among Asians, whereas not among Caucasians.