Solanidane and iminosolanidane alkaloids from Solanum campaniforme

Abstract

From the leaves of Solanum campaniforme (Solanaceae), eight solanidane alkaloids were isolated, four of which contain a p-hydroxyphenylethylamine unit. Their structures were established as: 22β,23β-epoxy-solanida-1,4-dien-3-one; 22α,23α-epoxy-10-epi-solanida-1,4,9-trien-3-one; 22α,23α-epoxy-solanida-4-en-3-one; 22β,23β-epoxy-solanida-4-en-3-one; (E)-N-[8'(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-22α,23α-epoxy-solanida-1,4,9-trien-3-imine; (E)-N-[8'(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-22α,23α-epoxy-solanida-1,4-dien-3-imine; (Z)-N-[8'(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-22α,23α-epoxy-solanida-1,4,9-trien-3-imine and (Z)-N-[8'(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-22α,23α-epoxy-solanida-1,4-dien-3-imine. All structures were determined using spectroscopic techniques, such as 1D and 2D NMR, and HRESIMS. The cytotoxicity and the antiophidic activities of the alkaloids were evaluated. The alkaloids did not show any cytotoxicity, but inhibited the main toxic actions of Bothrops pauloensis venom.

Keywords: Bothrops pauloensis; Iminosolanidane alkaloids; Solanaceae; Solanidane alkaloids; Solanum campaniforme.