Multimodal use of new coumarin-based fluorescent chemosensors: towards highly selective optical sensors for Hg(2+) probing

Abstract

Despite several types of fluorescent sensing molecules have been proposed and examined to signal Hg(2+) ion binding, the development of fluorescence-based devices for in-field Hg(2+) detection and screening in environmental and industrial samples is still a challenging task. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of three new coumarin-based fluorescent chemosensors featuring mixed thia/aza macrocyclic framework as receptors units, that is, ligands L1-L3. These probes revealed an OFF-ON selective response to the presence of Hg(2+) ions in MeCN/H2 O 4:1 (v/v), which allowed imaging of this metal ion in Cos-7 cells in vitro. Once included in silica core-polyethylene glycol (PEG) shell nanoparticles or supported on polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-based polymeric membranes, ligands L1-L3 can also selectively sense Hg(2+) ions in pure water. In particular we have developed an optical sensing array tacking advantage of the fluorescent properties of ligand L3 and based on the computer screen photo assisted technique (CSPT). In the device ligand L3 is dispersed into PVC membranes and it quantitatively responds to Hg(2+) ions in natural water samples.

Keywords: coumarins; fluorescent probes; mercury; nanoparticles; sensors.