Familial juvenile nephronophtisis, an autosomal recessive tubulointerstitial chronic nephritis, is characterized by progressive renal disease and end stage renal failure, which require kidney transplantation. Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) incidence after kidney transplantation varies from 4-25%. Obesity, positive oral glucose tolerance test, metabolic syndromes, and post-transplantation multi-drug, high dose, long-term immunosuppressive therapy are the risk factors incriminated.We present the case of a 15-year-old overweight boy who was diagnosed with familial juvenile nephronophtisis five years before, afterwards progressive renal disease and end stage renal failure. This young patient developed PTDM three years after renal transplantation. His underweight brother, with the same medical history, did not develop PTDM.Transplantation was mandatory for a child with familial juvenile nephronophtisis.The case illustrates the risk factors for PTDM.
Keywords: end stage renal failure; familial juvenile nephronophthisis; post–transplant diabetes mellitus.