ARF1 and SAR1 GTPases in endomembrane trafficking in plants

Int J Mol Sci. 2013 Sep 5;14(9):18181-99. doi: 10.3390/ijms140918181.

Abstract

Small GTPases largely control membrane traffic, which is essential for the survival of all eukaryotes. Among the small GTP-binding proteins, ARF1 (ADP-ribosylation factor 1) and SAR1 (Secretion-Associated RAS super family 1) are commonly conserved among all eukaryotes with respect to both their functional and sequential characteristics. The ARF1 and SAR1 GTP-binding proteins are involved in the formation and budding of vesicles throughout plant endomembrane systems. ARF1 has been shown to play a critical role in COPI (Coat Protein Complex I)-mediated retrograde trafficking in eukaryotic systems, whereas SAR1 GTPases are involved in intracellular COPII-mediated protein trafficking from the ER to the Golgi apparatus. This review offers a summary of vesicular trafficking with an emphasis on the ARF1 and SAR1 expression patterns at early growth stages and in the de-etiolation process.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1 / metabolism*
  • Biological Transport
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum / metabolism
  • GTP Phosphohydrolases / metabolism*
  • Golgi Apparatus / metabolism
  • Intracellular Membranes / metabolism*
  • Models, Biological
  • Plant Proteins / metabolism*
  • R-SNARE Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

  • Plant Proteins
  • R-SNARE Proteins
  • GTP Phosphohydrolases
  • ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1