Validation of a fast method for quantitative analysis of elvitegravir, raltegravir, maraviroc, etravirine, tenofovir, boceprevir and 10 other antiretroviral agents in human plasma samples with a new UPLC-MS/MS technology

J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2013 Dec:86:100-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.08.002. Epub 2013 Aug 12.

Abstract

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of antiretrovirals requires accurate and precise analysis of plasma drug concentrations. This work describes a simple, fast and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method for determination of the commonly used protease inhibitors such as amprenavir, atazanavir, darunavir, indinavir, lopinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir and tipranavir, tenofovir a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), the non-NRTI such as efavirenz, nevirapine, etravirine, the CCR5 antagonist maraviroc as well as the more recent antiretrovirals, the integrase inhibitors such as raltegravir, elvitegravir and the new direct acting anti-HCV boceprevir. Adapted deuterated internal standard was added to plasma aliquots (100μl) prior to protein precipitation with methanol and acetonitrile. This method employed ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization mode. All compounds eluted within 4.2-min run time. Calibration curves were validated, with correlation coefficients (r(2)) higher than 0.997, for analysis of therapeutic concentrations reported in the literature. Inter- and intra-assay variations were <15%. Evaluation of accuracy shows a deviation <15% from target concentration at each quality control level. No significant matrix effect was observed for any of the antiretroviral studied. This new validated method fulfills all criteria for TDM of 15 antiretrovirals and boceprevir drugs and was successfully applied in routine TDM of antiretrovirals.

Keywords: ARV; Antiretrovirals; Antiviral; Boceprevir; Ct; Drug monitoring; Elvitegravir; IS; MRM; TDM; UPLC-MS/MS; antiretroviral drugs; internal standard; multiple reaction transition; plasma trough concentration; therapeutic drug monitoring; ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adenine / analogs & derivatives
  • Adenine / blood
  • Anti-Retroviral Agents / blood*
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / methods
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / standards
  • Cyclohexanes / blood
  • Humans
  • Maraviroc
  • Mass Spectrometry / methods
  • Mass Spectrometry / standards
  • Nitriles
  • Organophosphonates / blood
  • Proline / analogs & derivatives
  • Proline / blood
  • Pyridazines / blood
  • Pyrimidines
  • Pyrrolidinones / blood
  • Quinolones / blood
  • Raltegravir Potassium
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry / methods*
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry / standards*
  • Tenofovir
  • Time Factors
  • Triazoles / blood

Substances

  • Anti-Retroviral Agents
  • Cyclohexanes
  • Nitriles
  • Organophosphonates
  • Pyridazines
  • Pyrimidines
  • Pyrrolidinones
  • Quinolones
  • Triazoles
  • etravirine
  • Raltegravir Potassium
  • elvitegravir
  • N-(3-amino-1-(cyclobutylmethyl)-2,3-dioxopropyl)-3-(2-((((1,1-dimethylethyl)amino)carbonyl)amino)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutyl)-6,6-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hexan-2-carboxamide
  • Tenofovir
  • Proline
  • Adenine
  • Maraviroc