[Fluid therapy in acute pancreatitis]

Abstract

Severe acute pancreatitis (AP) is associated with an increased need for fluids due to fluid sequestration and, in the most severe cases, with decreased peripheral vascular tone. For several decades, clinical practice guidelines have recommended aggressive fluid therapy to improve the prognosis of AP. This recommendation is based on theoretical models, animal studies, and retrospective studies in humans. Recent studies suggest that aggressive fluid administration in all patients with AP could have a neutral or harmful effect. Fluid therapy based on Ringer's lactate could improve the course of the disease, although further studies are needed to confirm this possibility. Most patients with AP do not require invasive monitoring of hemodynamic parameters to guide fluid therapy administration. Moreover, the ability of these parameters to improve prognosis has not been demonstrated.

Keywords: Fluid therapy; Fluidoterapia; Humanos; Humans; Isotonic solutions; Necrotizing pancreatitis; Pancreatitis; Pancreatitis necrosante; Pancreatitis/fisiopatología; Pancreatitis/physiopathology; Pancreatitis/tratamiento; Pancreatitis/treatment; Soluciones isotónicas.