The identification and characterisation of a new deltamethrin resistance-associated gene, UBL40, in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.)

Abstract

Differential expression of ubiquitin was previously reported between Plutella xylostella strains that are resistant or susceptible to the pesticide deltamethrin (DM). This finding hinted at the potential involvement of ubiquitin in deltamethrin resistance, a theory that demanded further testing. Real-time PCR analyses revealed that one of the ubiquitin genes, UBL40, was overexpressed in the deltamethrin-resistant strain during the fourth instar. To investigate the functional relationship between this gene and deltamethrin resistance, RNA interference (RNAi) and cell transfection were utilised. UBL40 knockdown was observed to significantly reduce the level of resistance in RNAi-treated larvae after 48 h. Conversely, overexpression of UBL40 in Drosophila Kc cells conferred a degree of protection against deltamethrin. These results represent the first evidence that UBL40 plays a role in the regulation of deltamethrin resistance in P. xylostella.

Keywords: CCK-8; Cell Counting Kit-8; Cell transfection; DDT; DM; DMSO; Deltamethrin; Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane; LC(50); Lethal Concentration 50; PCR; Pesticide resistance; Plutella xylostella; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RH; RNA interference; RNAi; SD; UBL40; base pair; bp; dimethyl sulfoxide; double-stranded RNA; dsRNA; elution solution; es; kDa; kdr; kiloDalton; knockdown resistance; qPCR; quantitative real-time PCR; relative humidity; standard deviation.