Positive association between urinary levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and the acrylamide metabolite N-acetyl-S-(propionamide)-cysteine in adolescents and young adults

Abstract

Acrylamide is present in mainstream cigarette smoke and in some foods prepared at high temperatures. Animal studies have shown that acrylamide exposure increases oxidative stress; however, it is not known if this also occurs in humans. We recruited 800 subjects (mean age, 21.3 years, range, 12-30 years) from a population-based sample of Taiwanese adolescents and young adults to determine if urinary levels of the acrylamide metabolite N-acetyl-S-(propionamide)-cysteine (AAMA) and the oxidative stress product 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) are associated. The mean (SD) AAMA and 8-OHdG were 76.54 (76.42)μg/L and 3.48 (2.37)μg/L, respectively. In linear regression analyses, a 1-unit increase in natural log AAMA was significantly associated with an increase in natural log 8-OHdG (μg/g creatinine) (β=0.044, SE=0.019, P=0.020) after controlling for covariates. Subpopulation analyses showed AAMA and 8-OHdG were significantly associated with males, adolescents, non-current smokers, without alcohol consumption, subjects, body mass index ≥ 24, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance score ≥ 0.9. In conclusion, higher urinary AAMA concentrations were associated with increased levels of urinary 8-OHdG in this cohort. Further studies are warranted to determine if there is a causal relationship between acrylamide exposure and oxidative stress.

Keywords: 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG); 8-OHdG; 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine; AAMA; Acrylamide; BMI; HDL-C; HOMA-IR; LDL-C; LOD; N-Acetyl-S-(propionamide)-cysteine (AAMA); N-acetyl-S-(2-carbamoylethyl)-cysteine; NTD; NTUH; National Taiwan University Hospital; New Taiwan Dollars; Oxidative stress; ROS; The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; body mass index; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; limit of detection; low lipoprotein cholesterol; reactive oxygen species.