The aim of this study was to meet the health insurance coverage received by recent graduates of universities in Lima during the Service Rural and Urban-Marginal in Health (SERUMS) during 2012-2013. 290 physicians were included. Data of the physicians' insurance to the social health Insurance (EsSalud) were reviewed monthly. 6.6% of physicians had been activated his insurance at the end of the third month of the beginning of his service. Differences between physicians who worked for the Ministry of Health (p<0.01), by gender (p=0.03) and if the locale was considered extremely poor (p=0.02) were found. We conclude that there is an deficient insurance coverage for the physicians who realize primary health care during the SERUMS exercise.