Racial disparities in cervical cancer survival over time

Cancer. 2013 Oct 15;119(20):3644-52. doi: 10.1002/cncr.28261. Epub 2013 Jul 31.

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study is to examine changes over time in survival for African American (AA) and white women diagnosed with cervical cancer (CC).

Methods: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program data from 1985 to 2009 were used for this analysis. Racial differences in survival were evaluated between African American (AA) and white women. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards survival methods were used to assess differences in survival by race at 5-year intervals.

Results: The study sample included 23,368 women, including 3886 (16.6%) who were AA and 19,482 (83.4%) who were white. AA women were older (51.4 versus 48.9 years; P<.001) and had a higher rate of regional (38.3% versus 31.8%; P<.001) and distant metastasis (10.7% versus 8.7%; P<.001). AA less frequently received cancer-directed surgery (32.4% versus 46%; P<.001), and more frequently radiotherapy (36.3% versus 26.4%; P<.001). Overall, AA women had a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.41 (95% confidence interval=1.32-1.51) of cervical cancer (CC) mortality compared with whites. Adjusting for SEER registry, marital status, stage, age, treatment, grade, and histology, AA women had an HR of 1.13 (95% confidence interval=1.05-1.22) of CC-related mortality. After adjusting for the same variables, there was a significant difference in CC-specific mortality between 1985 to 1989 and 1990 to 1994, but not after 1995.

Conclusions: After adjusting for race, SEER registry, marital status, stage, age, treatment, grade, and histology, there was a significant difference in CC-specific mortality between 1985 to 1989 and 1990 to 1994, but not after 1995.

Keywords: African American; SEER; cervical cancer; disparities; race.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / ethnology
  • Adenocarcinoma / mortality*
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology
  • Black or African American / statistics & numerical data*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / ethnology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / mortality*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Grading
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Prognosis
  • SEER Program
  • Survival Rate
  • Time Factors
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / ethnology
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / pathology
  • White People / statistics & numerical data*