Microbiology of acute mastoiditis and complicated or refractory acute otitis media among hospitalized children in the postvaccination era

Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2014 Jan;33(1):111-3. doi: 10.1097/INF.0b013e3182a6adb7.

Abstract

In the post-heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era, Streptococcus pneumoniae remains the leading cause of acute mastoiditis and other complicated or refractory acute otitis media among hospitalized children in our settings. Serotype 19A is predominant, invasive and multidrug resistant causing more than half of all mastoiditis cases, two-thirds of cases with subperiosteal abscess and all those requiring mastoidectomy. Continuous surveillance is required.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine
  • Hospitalization
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Mastoiditis / drug therapy
  • Mastoiditis / microbiology*
  • Mastoiditis / prevention & control
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Otitis Media / drug therapy
  • Otitis Media / microbiology*
  • Otitis Media / prevention & control
  • Pneumococcal Infections / microbiology
  • Pneumococcal Infections / prevention & control
  • Pneumococcal Vaccines / administration & dosage
  • Prospective Studies
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae / drug effects
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae / isolation & purification

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine
  • Pneumococcal Vaccines