Identification of specific language impairment in bilingual children: I. Assessment in English

J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2013 Dec;56(6):1813-23. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2013/12-0056).

Abstract

Purpose: This study was designed to derive cut scores for English testing for use in identifying specific language impairment (SLI) in bilingual children who were learning English as a second language.

Method: In a 1-gate design, 167 children received comprehensive language assessments in English and Spanish during their first-grade year. The reference standard was identification by a team of expert bilingual speech-language pathologists. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analyses were used to identify the optimal prediction model for SLI.

Results: The original, English EpiSLI criteria (Tomblin, Records, & Zhang, 1996) yielded a sensitivity of .95 and a specificity of .45 (LR+ = 1.73, LR- = 0.11, and AUC = .79) for our bilinguals. Revised cutoff scores yielded a sensitivity of .86 and a specificity of .68 (LR+ = 2.67, LR- = 0.21, and AUC = .77). An optimal prediction model yielded a sensitivity of .81 and a specificity of .81 (LR+ = 4.37, LR- = 0.23 and AUC = .85).

Conclusion: The results of English testing could be used to make a reasonably accurate diagnostic decision for bilingual children who had attended public school for at least 1 year and were using English at least 30% of the time.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Language
  • Language Development
  • Language Development Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Language Development Disorders / therapy*
  • Language Tests*
  • Language Therapy / methods*
  • Logistic Models
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Multilingualism*
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • ROC Curve
  • Sensitivity and Specificity