Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin immobilized on a functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles nanocomplex-modified glassy carbon electrode

Sensors (Basel). 2013 Jul 5;13(7):8595-611. doi: 10.3390/s130708595.

Abstract

Direct electron transfer of hemoglobin (Hb) was realized by immobilizing Hb on a carboxyl functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (FMWCNTs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) nanocomplex-modified glassy carbon electrode. The ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrometry (UV-Vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) methods were utilized for additional characterization of the AuNPs and FMWCNTs. The cyclic voltammogram of the modified electrode has a pair of well-defined quasi-reversible redox peaks with a formal potential of -0.270 ± 0.002 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) at a scan rate of 0.05 V/s. The heterogeneous electron transfer constant (ks) was evaluated to be 4.0 ± 0.2 s(-1). The average surface concentration of electro-active Hb on the surface of the modified glassy carbon electrode was calculated to be 6.8 ± 0.3 × 10(-10) mol cm(-2). The cathodic peak current of the modified electrode increased linearly with increasing concentration of hydrogen peroxide (from 0.05 nM to 1 nM) with a detection limit of 0.05 ± 0.01 nM. The apparent Michaelis-Menten constant (K(m)(app)) was calculated to be 0.85 ± 0.1 nM. Thus, the modified electrode could be applied as a third generation biosensor with high sensitivity, long-term stability and low detection limit.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biosensing Techniques / instrumentation
  • Biosensing Techniques / methods*
  • Cattle
  • Electrochemical Techniques / instrumentation
  • Electrochemical Techniques / methods*
  • Electrodes
  • Glass / chemistry
  • Gold / chemistry*
  • Hemoglobins / chemistry*
  • Hemoglobins / metabolism
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / analysis
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / chemistry
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Immobilized Proteins / chemistry*
  • Immobilized Proteins / metabolism
  • Limit of Detection
  • Metal Nanoparticles / chemistry*
  • Nanotechnology
  • Nanotubes, Carbon / chemistry*

Substances

  • Hemoglobins
  • Immobilized Proteins
  • Nanotubes, Carbon
  • Gold
  • Hydrogen Peroxide