Data collected by the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network for 1,415 ill travelers returning from Indian Ocean islands during 1997-2010 were analyzed. Malaria (from Comoros and Madagascar), acute nonparasitic diarrhea, and parasitoses were the most frequently diagnosed infectious diseases. An increase in arboviral diseases reflected the 2005 outbreak of chikungunya fever.
Keywords: Comoros; Indian Ocean; Madagascar; Maldives; Mauritius; Réunion Island; Seychelles; arboviruses; chikungunya; dengue; diarrhea; infectious diseases; malaria; parasites; travelers; vector-borne infections; viruses.