Zonula Occludens (ZO) proteins are ubiquitous scaffolding proteins providing the structural basis for the assembly of multiprotein complexes at the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane and linking transmembrane proteins to the filamentous cytoskeleton. They belong to the large family of membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK)-like proteins comprising a number of subfamilies based on domain content and sequence similarity. ZO proteins were originally described to localize specifically to tight junctions, or Zonulae Occludentes, but this notion was rapidly reconsidered since ZO proteins were found to associate with adherens junctions as well as with gap junctions, particularly with connexin-made intercellular channels, and also with a few other membrane channels. Accumulating evidence reveals that in addition to having passive scaffolding functions in organizing gap junction complexes, including connexins and cytoskeletals, ZO proteins (particularly ZO-1) also actively take part in the dynamic function as well as in the remodeling of junctional complexes in a number of cellular systems. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Reciprocal influences between cell cytoskeleton and membrane channels, receptors and transporters. Guest Editor: Jean Claude Hervé.
Keywords: 42GPA9; COS7; Channel assembly; Channel gating; Connexin; Gap junction; HEK293; MDCK; N/N1003A; NRK; PC-12 cell; ROS 17/2.8; Scaffold protein; TRP; a cell line substitute neuron, originally cloned from rat pheochromocytoma cells; epithelial Madin–Darby canine kidney cells; human embryonic kidney 293 cells; monkey African green kidney cells; mouse Sertoli cell line; mouse pancreatic β cell line derived from insulinomas; rabbit lens epithelial cells; rat kidney cells; rat osteosarcoma cells; βTC-3.
© 2013.