Ecotoxicity evaluation of a liquid detergent using the automatic biotest ECOTOX

Ecotoxicology. 2013 Aug;22(6):1043-52. doi: 10.1007/s10646-013-1091-8. Epub 2013 Jun 20.

Abstract

Synthetic detergents are common pollutants reaching aquatic environments in different ways after usage at homes, institutions and industries. In this study a liquid detergent, used for dish washing, was evaluated for its toxicity during long- and short-term tests using the automatic biotest ECOTOX. Different parameters of Euglena gracilis like motility, swimming velocity, gravitactic orientation, cell compactness and cell growth were used as end points. In short-term experiments, the maximum adverse effects on motility, velocity, cell shape and gravitaxis were observed after 1 h of exposure. With further increase in exposure time to the detergent a slight recovery of these parameters was observed. In long-term experiments, the detergent caused severe disturbances to E. gracilis. Motility, cell growth and cell compactness (shape) with EC50 values of 0.064, 0.18 and 2.05 %, respectively, were found as the most sensitive parameters to detergent stress. There was a slight positive effect on gravitactic orientation at the lowest two concentrations; at higher concentrations of the detergent cells orientation was highly impaired giving EC50 values of 1.75 and 2.52 % for upward swimming and r-value, respectively.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cell Movement / drug effects
  • Cell Shape / drug effects
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Detergents / toxicity*
  • Euglena gracilis / drug effects*
  • Euglena gracilis / growth & development
  • Toxicity Tests / methods*
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / toxicity*

Substances

  • Detergents
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical