Calcium is a universal messenger that translates diverse environmental stresses and developmental cues into specific cellular and developmental responses. In yeast, Cch1 and Mid1 function as part of a high affinity Ca²⁺ influx system (HACS) that becomes activated rapidly in response to sudden stimuli. Here, we report that Ecm7, a regulator of HACS, plays important roles in calcium homeostasis maintenance, oxidative stress response and hyphal development in Candida albicans. Disruption of ECM7 led to increased sensitivity to calcium-depleted conditions. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that Ecm7 mediated Ca²⁺ influx under high pH shock. Cycloheximide chase experiments further showed that MID1 deletion significantly decreased the stability of Ecm7. We also provided evidences that ecm7Δ/Δ cells were hypersensitive to oxidative stress. ECM7 deletion induced the degradation of Cap1 when exposed to H₂O₂ treatment. Besides, the ecm7Δ/Δ mutant showed a defect in hyphal development, which was accompanied with the decreased expression of hyphal related gene HWP1. Though subsequent experiments revealed that the ecm7Δ/Δ mutant showed similar virulence to the wild-type strain, the ability of invasion and diffusion of the mutant in mouse kidneys decreased. Taken together, Ecm7 plays important roles in the adaptation and pathogenicity of C. albicans.
Keywords: 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate; 5-FOA; 5-fluoroorotic acid; CHX; Calcium homeostasis; Candida albicans; DCFH-DA; EGTA; Ecm7; FBS; HACS; HBSS; Hank’s balanced salt solution; Hyphal development; Oxidative stress; SC; SD; VGCC; Virulence; cycloheximide; ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl) tetraacetic acid; fetal bovine serum; high affinity Ca(2+) influx system; synthetic complete; synthetic drop-out; voltage-gated calcium channels.
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