[Mirizzi syndrome: experience at Spanish Hospital of Veracruz]

Cir Cir. 2013 May-Jun;81(3):232-6.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Background: Mirizzi syndrome is a complication of gallbladder stones impacted in Hartmann's pouch or cystic duct with compression of the bile duct. The diagnosis is made by imaging studies, although most of them are found through intraoperative surgical findings. Treatment is cholecystectomy and bile duct restoration when needed.

Objective: to analyze a series of cases of Mirizzi syndrome and compare the results with those published in the literature.

Clinical case: We report 4 cases with Mirizzi syndrome in a cohort of 1,034 cases studied in the Hospital Español of Veracruz over 21 years.

Results: In our series the frequency of Mirizzi syndrome was 0.38%, the average age was 32.1 ± 58.4 years, 50% were male gender and 25% had jaundice with a demonstrable liver profile. In 1 case, ultrasound suggested Mirizzi syndrome and percutaneous cholangiography and computed tomography confirmed the diagnosis. All patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and 2 transcystic cholangiographies were performed. One case was classified as Type I-A and three as type I-B. (Beltran and Csendes). The postoperative evolution was satisfactory in all and no mortality was presented.

Conclusions: Mirizzi syndrome should be suspected in patients with gallstones who develop obstructive jaundice and it must be confirmed with imaging studies. The surgeon must take extreme precautions to avoid accidental injury to the bile ducts.

Antecedentes: el síndrome de Mirizzi es una complicación de la litiasis vesicular por cálculos impactados en la bolsa de Hartmann o conducto cístico que comprimen la vía biliar principal; el diagnóstico se establece mediante estudios de imagen, aunque la mayor parte son hallazgos transoperatorios; su tratamiento es la colecistectomía con restauración de la vía biliar. Objetivo: analizar una serie de casos de síndrome de Mirizzi y comparar los resultados con lo publicado en la bibliografía mundial. Casos clínicos: se comunican cuatro casos con síndrome de Mirizzi de una cohorte de 1,034 casos con enfermedad litiásica vesicular del Hospital Español de Veracruz, en 21 años. La frecuencia en esta muestra es de 0.38%, con edad promedio de 32.1 ± 58.4 años; 50% son hombres y 25% tuvo ictericia y coluria con perfil hepático demostrativo. En un caso el ultrasonido sugirió síndrome de Mirizzi; el diagnóstico se corroboró por colangiografía percutánea y tomografía computada. A todos los pacientes se les realizó colecistectomía laparoscópica, y en dos se efectuó colangiografía transcística. Un caso correspondió al tipo I-A y 3 al tipo I-B según la Clasificación de Beltrán y Csendes. La evolución postoperatoria fue satisfactoria y no hubo mortalidad. Conclusiones: el síndrome de Mirizzi debe sospecharse en pacientes con litiasis vesicular con ictericia obstructiva. El cirujano debe extremar las precauciones para evitar lesionar la vía biliar.

Keywords: Mirizzi syndrome; cholelithiasis; colelitiasis; surgical tratament; síndrome de Mirizzi; tratamiento quirúrgico.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cholangiocarcinoma / diagnosis
  • Cholangiography / methods
  • Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Female
  • Gallbladder Diseases / epidemiology
  • Gallbladder Diseases / surgery
  • Humans
  • Jaundice, Obstructive / etiology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mirizzi Syndrome* / classification
  • Mirizzi Syndrome* / diagnostic imaging
  • Mirizzi Syndrome* / epidemiology
  • Mirizzi Syndrome* / surgery
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Spain / epidemiology
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Ultrasonography