Background and aim: Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic and often severe form of bilateral tarsal and/or bulbar conjunctivitis. The purpose of the present study is to measure the Interleukin-17 (IL-17) serum levels in children with VKC evaluating the role of the systemic inflammation in patients affected by VKC.
Patients and methods: Fifteen patients were enrolled with VKC aged between 6 and 10 years of life. Serum were obtained from the peripheral blood samples collected from all the children included in the study to evaluate serum level of IL-17.
Results: Serum levels of IL-17 were significantly higher in patients with VKC than in healthy controls (10.3 ± 9.36 pg/ml vs. 3.3 ± 6.20 pg/ml respectively; p < 0.04).
Conclusions: The presence of a significantly higher level of IL-17 in patients with VKC suggests a possible role of this cytokine in the pathogenesis of VKC. Further studies on larger samples of patients are warranted to confirm These findings in order to identify new possible therapeutic targets.