Abstract
Two new rearranged limonoids, harperforatin (1) and harperfolide (2), and a new chromone, harperamone (3), were isolated from fruits and roots of Harrisonia perforata, together with eight known compounds. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. Harperfolide (2) exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing nitric oxide (NO) production from activated macrophages with IC50 value of 6.51 μM. Furthermore, its effect is mediated by reduction of iNOS protein expression, attributable to the inhibitory action of LPS-induced NO production.
Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / chemistry
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / isolation & purification
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / pharmacology*
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Chromones / chemistry
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Chromones / isolation & purification
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Chromones / pharmacology*
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Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
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Limonins / chemistry
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Limonins / isolation & purification
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Limonins / pharmacology*
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Lipopolysaccharides / antagonists & inhibitors
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Lipopolysaccharides / pharmacology
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Macrophages / drug effects
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Macrophages / metabolism
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Mice
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Models, Molecular
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Molecular Structure
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Nitric Oxide / antagonists & inhibitors
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Nitric Oxide / biosynthesis
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / antagonists & inhibitors
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / biosynthesis
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Simaroubaceae / chemistry*
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Structure-Activity Relationship
Substances
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
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Chromones
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Limonins
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Lipopolysaccharides
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Nitric Oxide
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II