Arsenic and antimony determination in non- and biodegradable materials by hydride generation capacitively coupled plasma microtorch optical emission spectrometry

Abstract

A sensitive method using a miniature analytical system with a capacitively coupled plasma microtorch (25 W, 13.56 MHz, 0.4 l min(-1) Ar) was developed and evaluated for the determination of As and Sb in recyclable plastics and biodegradable materials by hydride generation optical emission spectrometry. Given their toxicity, As and Sb should be subject to monitoring in such materials despite not being included within the scope of Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive. The advantages of the proposed approach are better detection limits and lower analysis cost relative to conventional systems based on inductively coupled plasma optical emission and flame atomic absorption spectrometry with/without derivatization. Samples were subjected to acidic microwave-assisted digestion in a nitric-sulfuric acid mixture. Chemical hydride generation with 0.5% NaBH4 after the prereduction of As(V) and Sb(V) with 0.3% L-cysteine in 0.01 mol l(-1) HCl (10 min contact time at 90±5°C) was used. Under the optimal hydride generation conditions and analytical system operation the detection limits (mg kg(-1)) were 0.5 (As) and 0.1 (Sb), whereas the precision was 0.4-7.1% for 10.2-46.2 mg kg(-1) As and 0.4-3.2% for 7.1-156 mg kg(-1) Sb. Analysis of two polyethylene CRMs revealed recoveries of 101±2% As and 100±1% Sb.