Nanotechnology has been introduced into dermatology for years. Nanoemulsions (NEs) are promising drug delivery systems with practical applications for pharmaceutical, cosmetic and chemical industry applications. Herein, we provide an overview of the application of NEs in dermatology during the latest 5 years. We reviewed the antioxidants in NEs form, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug loaded by NE, NEs in photodynamic therapy, NEs in decontamination of radionuclides, antimicrobial NEs, NEs carrying lipids, NEs containing Octyl Methoxycinnamate, et al. NEs demonstrate good stability, stable physical and chemical properties. NEs are able to enhance the functionality and efficacy of active chemicals and natural ingredients. NEs exhibit great application potential in the field of dermatology.