Molecular switch for cold acclimation -- anatomy of the cold-inducible promoter in plants

Biochemistry (Mosc). 2013 Apr;78(4):342-54. doi: 10.1134/S0006297913040032.

Abstract

In plants, a promoter is essential to drive the transcription and expression of genes under stress conditions. The cold-regulated promoter is an important molecular switch involved in transcriptional regulation of a dynamic network of genes associated with cold acclimation processes. However, the structure and functions of the cold-regulated promoter are ambiguous. In this review, we first describe the common type and structures of the cold-regulated promoter, such as the core promoter and transcription factor binding sites, and then discuss the synergistic actions of promoter elements and cold-regulated genes. We also describe the transcriptional responses and cross-talk among cold-regulated genes in the ICE-CBF-COR cold-response pathway. Many stress-inducible genes are known to be regulated by endogenous abscisic acid (ABA), which accumulates during osmotic and cold stress. We discuss the regulation of promoters of cold-inducible genes in ABA-dependent and ABA-independent regulatory systems. We also describe the cross-talk among gene networks regulated by different cis-acting regulatory elements. Finally, we propose potential further research on, and practical applications of, the cold-regulated promoter.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Abscisic Acid / pharmacology
  • Acclimatization / genetics*
  • Cold Temperature*
  • Plants / drug effects
  • Plants / genetics*
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic / drug effects
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic / genetics*
  • Transcription, Genetic / drug effects
  • Transcription, Genetic / genetics*

Substances

  • Abscisic Acid