Purpose: Isolated limb perfusion (ILP) with hyperthermia is an effective treatment for in-transit metastases of malignant melanoma in the extremities. Preclinical studies have shown that hyperthermia may induce an immunogenic death of tumour cells. We therefore decided to study whether ILP may induce tumour-specific immune responses in the clinical setting.
Method: The number of Melan-A/Mart-1 specific CD8+ T cells, as well as other phenotypically different immune cells, was recorded in peripheral blood in 12 HLA-A2+ patients with in-transit metastases undergoing hyperthermic ILP with melphalan.
Results: All patients underwent ILP without any complication and with an overall response rate of 83%. No substantial changes in the number of circulating T-cells, B-cells, NK-cells or monocytes were observed during follow-up. Four out of 12 patients showed an elevation of Melan-A+ CD8+ T-cells 4 weeks after ILP.
Conclusion: We here report our preliminary observations that a small increase in tumour-specific T-cells could be seen in a subpopulation of patients after ILP. However, much more work is necessary to fully delineate the systemic immune response to hyperthermic ILP.