Inhibition of ice growth and recrystallization by zirconium acetate and zirconium acetate hydroxide

PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e59540. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059540. Epub 2013 Mar 21.

Abstract

The control over ice crystal growth, melting, and shaping is important in a variety of fields, including cell and food preservation and ice templating for the production of composite materials. Control over ice growth remains a challenge in industry, and the demand for new cryoprotectants is high. Naturally occurring cryoprotectants, such as antifreeze proteins (AFPs), present one solution for modulating ice crystal growth; however, the production of AFPs is expensive and inefficient. These obstacles can be overcome by identifying synthetic substitutes with similar AFP properties. Zirconium acetate (ZRA) was recently found to induce the formation of hexagonal cavities in materials prepared by ice templating. Here, we continue this line of study and examine the effects of ZRA and a related compound, zirconium acetate hydroxide (ZRAH), on ice growth, shaping, and recrystallization. We found that the growth rate of ice crystals was significantly reduced in the presence of ZRA and ZRAH, and that solutions containing these compounds display a small degree of thermal hysteresis, depending on the solution pH. The compounds were found to inhibit recrystallization in a manner similar to that observed in the presence of AFPs. The favorable properties of ZRA and ZRAH suggest tremendous potential utility in industrial applications.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acetates / chemistry*
  • Cryoprotective Agents / chemistry*
  • Crystallization
  • Ice*
  • Temperature
  • Zirconium / chemistry*

Substances

  • Acetates
  • Cryoprotective Agents
  • Ice
  • Zirconium

Grants and funding

This work was supported in part by grants from The Lady Davis Fellowship Trust and The Valazzi-Pikovsky Fellowship Fund (to MBD), the Israel Science Foundation (ISF) grants #1279/10 and #1281/10, the European Research Council (ERC) grant #281595, and the Marie Curie International Reintegration grant #256364. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.