Abstract
The recently discovered strain of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, VHSV-IVb, represents an example of the introduction of an extremely pathogenic rhabdovirus capable of infecting a wide variety of new fish species in a new host-environment. The goal of the present study was to delineate the expression kinetics of key genes in the innate immune response relative to the very early stages of VHSV-IVb infection using the yellow perch (Perca flavescens) as a model. Administration of VHSV-IVb by IP-injection into juvenile yellow perch resulted in 84% cumulative mortality, indicating their high susceptibility to this disease. In fish sampled in the very early stages of infection, a significant up-regulation of Mx gene expression in the liver, as well as IL-1β and SAA activation in the head kidney, spleen, and liver was directly correlated to viral load. The potential down-regulation of Mx in the hematopoietic tissues, head kidney and spleen, may represent a strategy utilized by the virus to increase replication.
Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Fish Diseases / genetics
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Fish Diseases / immunology*
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Fish Diseases / virology
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Fish Proteins / genetics
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Fish Proteins / immunology*
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GTP-Binding Proteins / genetics
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GTP-Binding Proteins / immunology
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Gene Expression Regulation
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Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Viral / genetics
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Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Viral / immunology*
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Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Viral / mortality
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Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Viral / virology
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Host-Pathogen Interactions
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Immunity, Innate*
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Interleukin-1beta / genetics
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Interleukin-1beta / immunology
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Kidney / immunology
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Kidney / virology
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Lakes
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Liver / immunology
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Liver / virology
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Myxovirus Resistance Proteins
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Novirhabdovirus / physiology*
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Perches / genetics
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Perches / immunology*
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Perches / virology
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Serum Amyloid A Protein / genetics
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Serum Amyloid A Protein / immunology
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Spleen / immunology
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Spleen / virology
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Survival Analysis
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Time Factors
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United States
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Viral Load
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Virus Replication
Substances
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Fish Proteins
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Interleukin-1beta
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Myxovirus Resistance Proteins
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Serum Amyloid A Protein
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GTP-Binding Proteins