The effect of glutamine on cerebral ischaemic injury after cardiac arrest

Resuscitation. 2013 Sep;84(9):1285-90. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2013.03.019. Epub 2013 Mar 22.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate whether glutamine (GLN) enhances heat shock protein-25 (Hsp-25) and heat shock protein-72 (Hsp-72) expressions and attenuates cerebral ischaemic injury in rat cardiac arrest model.

Methods: Rats survived from cardiac arrest model were randomly assigned to CPR+GLN group (0.75 g/kg of alanyl-glutamine, n=6) or CPR group (same volume of 0.9% saline, n=6). Additional 6 rats were used for SHAM group. For the outcome measures, neurologic deficit score (NDS, 0-80) was checked at 24h and 72 h after cardiac arrest. At 72 h after cardiac arrest, rats were euthanised and the brain was harvested. Then, right hemisphere was used for cresyl-violet and TUNEL staining. Left hemisphere was used for Western blot analysis of phosphorylated heat shock factor-1 (p-HSF-1), Hsp-25, Hsp-72, and cleaved caspase-3. Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U post hoc test with Bonferroni correction were used for the analysis.

Results: Resuscitation variables were not different between CPR and CPR+GLN. NDS in CPR+GLN was higher than that in CPR (p<0.017) and lower than that in SHAM (p<0.017) at both 24h and 72 h. p-HSF-1, Hsp-25 and Hsp-72 expressions in CPR+GLN were significantly enhanced (p<0.017) than those in other groups. Cleaved caspase-3 expression in CPR was significantly higher (p<0.017) than in SHAM and CPR+GLN. Ischaemic and TUNEL-positive neurons were more frequently observed in CPR than in CPR+GLN.

Conclusions: Glutamine attenuates cerebral ischaemic injury in cardiac arrest model of rats and this is associated with the enhancement of Hsp-25 and Hsp-72 expressions.

Keywords: Cardiac arrest; Cerebral ischaemia; Glutamine; Heat-shock proteins.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Blotting, Western
  • Brain / drug effects*
  • Brain / pathology
  • Brain Ischemia / pathology*
  • Brain Ischemia / prevention & control
  • Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / methods*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Glutamine / pharmacology*
  • HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins / analysis
  • Heart Arrest / pathology
  • Heart Arrest / therapy*
  • Heat-Shock Proteins / analysis*
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / analysis
  • Male
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / analysis
  • Random Allocation
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Reference Values
  • Statistics, Nonparametric
  • Tissue and Organ Harvesting

Substances

  • HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins
  • Heat-Shock Proteins
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Glutamine
  • MAP-kinase-activated kinase 2
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases