Cerebrovascular autoregulation in pediatric moyamoya disease

Paediatr Anaesth. 2013 Jun;23(6):547-56. doi: 10.1111/pan.12140. Epub 2013 Mar 18.

Abstract

Background: Moyamoya syndrome carries a high risk of cerebral ischemia, and impaired cerebrovascular autoregulation may play a critical role. Autoregulation indices derived from near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) may clarify hemodynamic goals that conform to the limits of autoregulation.

Objectives: The aims of this pilot study were to determine whether the NIRS-derived indices could identify blood pressure ranges that optimize autoregulation and whether autoregulatory function differs between anatomic sides in patients with unilateral vasculopathy.

Methods: Pediatric patients undergoing indirect surgical revascularization for moyamoya were enrolled sequentially. NIRS-derived autoregulation indices, the cerebral oximetry index (COx) and the hemoglobin volume index (HVx), were calculated intraoperatively and postoperatively to measure autoregulatory function. The 5-mmHg ranges of optimal mean arterial blood pressure (MAPOPT ) with best autoregulation and the lower limit of autoregulation (LLA) were identified.

Results: Of seven enrolled patients (aged 2-16 years), six had intraoperative and postoperative autoregulation monitoring and one had only intraoperative monitoring. Intraoperative MAPOPT was identified in six (86%) of seven patients with median values of 60-80 mmHg. Intraoperative LLA was identified in three (43%) patients with median values of 55-65 mmHg. Postoperative MAPOPT was identified in six (100%) of six patients with median values of 70-90 mmHg. Patients with unilateral disease had higher intraoperative HVx (P = 0.012) on side vasculopathy.

Conclusions: NIRS-derived indices may identify hemodynamic goals that optimize autoregulation in pediatric moyamoya.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Arterial Pressure / physiology
  • Blood Pressure / physiology
  • Carbon Dioxide / metabolism
  • Cerebral Angiography
  • Cerebrovascular Circulation / physiology*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Functional Laterality
  • Hemoglobins / metabolism
  • Homeostasis / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Intraoperative Period
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Moyamoya Disease / physiopathology*
  • Oximetry
  • Pilot Projects
  • Postoperative Period
  • Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared

Substances

  • Hemoglobins
  • Carbon Dioxide