Magnetic induction tomography (MIT) is a kind of novel imaging method. In this system, exciting coil directly affects the detection range and detection sensitivity. In order to improve eddy current inductive region magnetic field distribution, we established a 3D four layers homocentric sphere head model in this study. Then we carried out a 3D three dimensional transient finite element calculation in different coil radius, turns and line diameter of the exciting coil of MIT system. Then we analyzed the axial magnetic flux density of the eddy current inductive area and detected the coil induced voltage. The research results showed that the increased magnetic flux density, the augmented detection range and the improved detection sensitivity were all realized by enlarging radius, increasing line diameter and reducing turns.