Laryngotracheal transplantation: technical modifications and functional outcomes

Laryngoscope. 2013 Oct;123(10):2502-8. doi: 10.1002/lary.24053. Epub 2013 Mar 11.

Abstract

Objectives/hypothesis: Laryngeal transplantation offers the potential for patients without a larynx to recover their voice, which is critical in our communication age. We report clinical and functional outcomes from a laryngotracheal transplant. Widespread adoption of this technique has been slowed due to the ethical concerns of life-long immunosuppression after a nonvital organ transplant. Our patient was already on immunosuppressive medication from prior kidney-pancreas transplantation, and therefore was not exposed to added long-term risk. We describe the unique technical advances, clinical course, and rehabilitation of this patient and the implications for future laryngeal transplantation.

Study design: Case report.

Methods: A laryngotracheal transplantation was performed in a 51-year-old prior kidney-pancreas transplant recipient presenting with complete laryngotracheal stenosis. Surgical modifications were made in the previously described technique related to retrieval, vascular supply, and reinnervation. This resulted in a robustly vascularized organ with well-perfused long-segment tracheal transplant and early return of motor reinnervation.

Results: A multidisciplinary approach resulted in a successful transplant without evidence of rejection to date. Postoperatively, the patient continues to rely on a tracheotomy but has had the return of an oral and nasal airway, vocalization, smell, and taste, all experienced for the first time in 11 years.

Conclusions: We have demonstrated that our methods may result in a successful laryngotracheal transplant. We describe the preparation, surgical technique, rehabilitation, and interventions employed in achieving optimal outcomes. This report contributes valuable information on this rarely performed composite transplant.

Keywords: Larynx; airway reconstruction; composite tissue allotransplantation; laryngotracheal transplant; larynx stenosis; larynx transplant; trachea; tracheal stenosis; transplant.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Composite Tissue Allografts
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Laryngoscopy
  • Laryngostenosis / surgery*
  • Larynx / transplantation*
  • Middle Aged
  • Phonation
  • Quality of Life
  • Trachea / transplantation*
  • Treatment Outcome