Background: Previous reports associated ADIPOQ 276G>T polymorphism with plasma adiponectin levels and diabetes. Our objective was to study this polymorphism in type 2 diabetes (T2D) Romanian patients and to assess its influence on plasma adiponectin levels; possible link to prevalence of T2D was also addressed.
Design: Case control studyMaterial and Methods: Consecutive T2D patients, age and sex matched controls were genotyped for the 276 ADIPOQ locus. Medical history, laboratory evaluation, plasma adiponectin were assessed.
Outcomes: 105 T2D patients and 48 controls were included. Adiponectin was higher in controls (17.04±3.02 µg/ml) than in T2D patients (10.32±1.16 µg/ml), difference failed to reach significance (p=0.06). Genotype distribution wasn't different between T2D patients and controls. 44 (41.90%) of T2D patients had GG genotype, 51 (48.57%) GT and 10 (9.52%) TT genotype. Adiponectin was higher (19.03±3.46 µg/ml) in diabetic TT allele carriers than in GT (9.96±1.76 µg/ml) or GG patients (8.71±1.60 µg/ml) p=0.003. In controls, 28 (58.33 %) subjects were carriers of the GG genotype, 16 (33.33%) had GT genotype and 4 (8.33%) had TT genotype. There weren't significant differences in the studied parameters between different genotypes in the control group. Logistic regression disclosed age p=0.0001 (OR 1.086; CI 1.041/1.133), waist circumference p=0.00049 (OR 1.084; CI 1.036/1.135), adiponectinemia p=0.036 (OR 0.963; CI 0.929/0.998) but not genotype as predictors for the presence of diabetes.
Conclusion: Presence of the TT allele at the 276 locus of the ADIPOQ gene is associated with higher plasma adiponectin levels in type 2 diabetes patients. Plasma adiponectin, and not genotype at the 276 locus is predictive for the presence of T2D.
Keywords: adiponectin; gene polymorphism; type 2 diabetes.