The beneficial effect of regular moderate physical activity on metabolic profile is well documented. Sedentary lifestyle is a risk factor of excessive visceral fat accumulation, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease development. However, intensive training in athletes may be related to unfavorable changes in secretion of adipose tissue hormones and constitute a link in the pathogenesis of hormonal disturbances observed in athletes. In this paper we review the recently published data concerning the impact of sports training on circulating adipokine levels in athletes.