Design and selection of soy breads used for evaluating isoflavone bioavailability in clinical trials

J Agric Food Chem. 2013 Mar 27;61(12):3111-20. doi: 10.1021/jf304699k. Epub 2013 Mar 15.

Abstract

To modulate isoflavone aglycone composition within a soy functional food, soy ingredients were processed and evaluated in a soy bread system intended for clinical trials. A soy flour/soy milk mixture (SM) was boiled, fermented, steamed, or roasted prior to dough preparation. The isoflavone compositions of five processed SM and their corresponding breads combined with and without β-glucosidase-rich almonds were examined using HPLC. Isoflavone malonyl-glucosides (>80%) were converted into acetyl and simple glucoside forms (substrates more favorable for β-glucosidase) in steamed and roasted SM. Their corresponding breads had isoflavones predominately as aglycones (∼75%) with soy-almond bread with steamed SM being more consumer acceptable than roasted. Isoflavone composition in soy bread was stable during frozen storage and toasting. A suitable glycoside-rich soy bread (31.6 ± 2.1 mg aglycone equiv/slice) using unprocessed SM and an aglycone-rich soy-almond bread (31.1 ± 1.9 mg aglycone equiv/slice) using steamed SM were developed to evaluate fundamental questions of isoflavone bioavailability in clinical trials.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Biological Availability
  • Bread / analysis*
  • Drug Stability
  • Food Handling
  • Food Preservation
  • Freezing
  • Hot Temperature
  • Humans
  • Isoflavones / administration & dosage*
  • Isoflavones / pharmacokinetics*
  • Prunus / enzymology
  • Seeds / enzymology
  • Sensation
  • Soy Foods / analysis*
  • Soy Milk
  • Steam
  • beta-Glucosidase / analysis
  • beta-Glucosidase / metabolism

Substances

  • Isoflavones
  • Steam
  • beta-Glucosidase