Spin-cast bulk heterojunction solar cells: a dynamical investigation

Adv Mater. 2013 Apr 4;25(13):1923-9. doi: 10.1002/adma.201203440. Epub 2013 Feb 22.

Abstract

Spin-coating is extensively used in the lab-based manufacture of organic solar cells, including most of the record-setting solution-processed cells. We report the first direct observation of photoactive layer formation as it occurs during spin-coating. The study provides new insight into mechanisms and kinetics of bulk heterojunction formation, which may be crucial for its successful transfer to scalable printing processes.