Human rotavirus virus-like particle vaccines evaluated in a neonatal gnotobiotic pig model of human rotavirus disease

Expert Rev Vaccines. 2013 Feb;12(2):169-81. doi: 10.1586/erv.13.3.

Abstract

The authors discuss here rotavirus-like particle vaccines as an alternative approach to oral live-attenuated rotavirus vaccine and their efficacy in a gnotobiotic pig model. Rotavirus virus-like particles (VLPs) were evaluated in different doses, and routes of administration, and combined with live-attenuated virus and adjuvants. A VLP vaccine composed of rotavirus VP2 and VP6 was immunogenic in gnotobiotic pigs when inoculated intranasally; however, this vaccine failed to confer protection. A combination of oral attenuated human rotavirus and intranasal 2/6VLP vaccines conferred immunogenicity, partial protection against a human rotavirus challenge and induced IFN-γ-producing T cells in the ileum of pigs with similar frequencies to human rotavirus infection. Vaccination through a combination of mucosal inductive sites and live-attenuated vaccine combined with VLP vaccines was the most effective regimen, compared with the use of a single route or a single vaccine alone. However, if formulated with neutralizing antigens, VLP vaccines may constitute a better approach in a high maternal antibody scenario.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Intranasal
  • Administration, Oral
  • Animals
  • Animals, Newborn
  • Antigens, Viral / genetics
  • Antigens, Viral / immunology
  • Capsid Proteins / genetics
  • Capsid Proteins / immunology
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Germ-Free Life
  • Interferon-gamma / metabolism
  • Rotavirus Infections / immunology
  • Rotavirus Infections / prevention & control*
  • Rotavirus Vaccines / administration & dosage
  • Rotavirus Vaccines / genetics
  • Rotavirus Vaccines / immunology*
  • Swine
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle / administration & dosage
  • Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle / genetics
  • Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle / immunology*

Substances

  • Antigens, Viral
  • Capsid Proteins
  • Rotavirus Vaccines
  • VP2 protein, Rotavirus
  • VP6 protein, Rotavirus
  • Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle
  • Interferon-gamma