Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most frequent indications in musculoskeletal imaging because OA is the most prevalent musculoskeletal disease in developed countries. As the population becomes older and older, the need for adequate imaging techniques also increases. The various forms of osteoarthritis are associated with a high degree of illness-induced physical disability and reduced life quality. In some forms, the pathogenesis is complex and can require the discrimination of a variety of predisposing diseases. The specific forms of osteoarthritis will be highlighted in this article. In addition, the value of each imaging modality will be assessed, with special regard to the most common sites: hand, hip, and knee.