Unexpected biotinylation using ATP-γ-Biotin-LC-PEO-amine as a kinase substrate

Abstract

Protein phosphorylation is the most widely studied post-translational modification. Reversible protein phosphorylation is implicated in the regulation of a broad range of cellular processes. As such, there is extensive interest in simple and sensitive procedures for the isolation and detection of phosphorylated proteins. Synthetic analogues of ATP, with a biotin linked to the gamma-phosphate of ATP, have been reported to biotinylate kinase substrates in a kinase-catalyzed reaction. This could be an extremely attractive and versatile method for affinity enrichment of phosphorylated proteins. However, as we report here, the commercially available biotin-ATP analogue, ATP-γ-Biotin-LC-PEO-amine, is capable of biotinylating proteins independent of kinase activity. In fact, we demonstrate that this reagent is capable of non-specifically biotinylating any protein. Although the mechanism of biotinylation is not known, this report uncovers a flaw in a commercially available reagent and also highlights the importance of control experiments when developing new biochemical tools to study enzyme activity.