Biocompatible nanofibers based on extremophilic bacterial polysaccharide, Mauran from Halomonas maura

Abstract

Extremophilic bacterial polysaccharide based biocompatible nanofibers were produced for the first time via electrospinning technique. Mauran (MR), an extremophilic sulfated exopolysaccharide was extracted from moderately halophilic bacterium, Halomonas maura and characterized for the application of nanofiber synthesis. Thin-uniform MR nanofibers were produced using homogenous solutions of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blended with different concentrations of MR. Characterization of complex MR/PVA nanofibers were performed using scanning electron microscope and analyzed for the cytotoxicity using mouse fibroblast cells as well as mesenchymal stem cells. An average of 120 nm sized nanofibers were produced and tested for an enhanced cell growth under in vitro conditions in comparison with control. MR and MR/PVA nanofibers were found to be an excellent biomaterial for the migration, proliferation and differentiation of mammalian cells, which was confirmed by cell adhesion studies and confocal microcopy. Interestingly, biological and physicochemical properties of MR hasten the application of MR based nanofibers for various biomedical applications like tissue engineering and drug delivery.