Mouse brain fixation to preserve In vivo manganese enhancement for ex vivo manganese-enhanced MRI

J Magn Reson Imaging. 2013 Aug;38(2):482-7. doi: 10.1002/jmri.24005. Epub 2013 Jan 24.

Abstract

Purpose: To develop a tissue fixation method that preserves in vivo manganese enhancement for ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The needs are clear, as conventional in vivo manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) applied to live animals is time-limited, hence limited in spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Ex vivo applications can achieve superior spatial resolution and SNR through increased signal averaging and optimized radiofrequency coil designs. A tissue fixation method that preserves in vivo Mn(2+) enhancement postmortem is necessary for ex vivo MEMRI.

Materials and methods: T1 measurements and T1 -weighted MRI were performed on MnCl2 -administered mice. The mice were then euthanized and the brains were fixed using one of two brain tissue fixation methods: aldehyde solution or focused beam microwave irradiation (FBMI). MRI was then performed on the fixed brains.

Results: T1 values and T1 -weighted signal contrasts were comparable between in vivo and ex vivo scans on aldehyde-fixed brains. FBMI resulted in the loss of Mn(2+) enhancement.

Conclusion: Aldehyde fixation, not FBMI, maintained in vivo manganese enhancement for ex vivo MEMRI.

Keywords: MRI; aldehyde; ex vivo MRI; focused beam microwave irradiation; manganese enhanced MRI; tissue fixation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aldehydes*
  • Animals
  • Brain / anatomy & histology*
  • Brain / radiation effects
  • Brain Chemistry / radiation effects*
  • Chlorides* / chemistry
  • Contrast Media / chemistry
  • Fixatives
  • Image Enhancement / methods*
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods*
  • Manganese Compounds* / chemistry
  • Mice
  • Mice, SCID
  • Microwaves
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Tissue Fixation / methods*

Substances

  • Aldehydes
  • Chlorides
  • Contrast Media
  • Fixatives
  • Manganese Compounds
  • manganese chloride