Preventing neuronal damage and inflammation in vivo during cortical microelectrode implantation through the use of poloxamer P-188

J Neural Eng. 2013 Feb;10(1):016011. doi: 10.1088/1741-2560/10/1/016011. Epub 2013 Jan 21.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of Poloxamer P188 to reduce cell death and immune response associated with mechanical trauma to cells during implantation of a chronic recording electrode.

Approach: Ceramic multi-site recording electrodes were implanted bilaterally into 15 adult male Long-Evans rats. One of each pair was randomly assigned to receive a coating of Poloxamer while the other was treated with saline. The extent of neuron loss, and glial cell recruitment were characterized at 2, 4 and 6 weeks post-implantation by stereologic analysis.

Main results: At 2 and 4 weeks post-implantation, Poloxamer-coated implants showed significantly fewer glial cells and more neurons in the peri-electrode space than controls; however, this significance was lost by 6 weeks.

Significance: These findings are the first to suggest that Poloxamer has neuroprotective effects in vivo; however, at a fixed loading dose, these effects are limited to approximately 1 month post-implantation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Action Potentials / drug effects
  • Action Potentials / physiology
  • Animals
  • Cell Count / methods
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / physiology
  • Cerebral Cortex / drug effects
  • Cerebral Cortex / pathology
  • Cerebral Cortex / physiology
  • Electrodes, Implanted* / adverse effects
  • Inflammation / pathology*
  • Inflammation / physiopathology
  • Inflammation / prevention & control*
  • Male
  • Microelectrodes* / adverse effects
  • Neurons / pathology
  • Neurons / physiology*
  • Neuroprotective Agents / administration & dosage
  • Poloxamer / administration & dosage*
  • Poloxamer / adverse effects
  • Rats
  • Rats, Long-Evans

Substances

  • Neuroprotective Agents
  • Poloxamer