Different surgical procedures are available for the treatment of many neuropathic pain syndromes. These surgical procedures can be divided into 2 main sections: non-destructive and destructive procedures. In recent years, the non-destructive neurostimulation method has undergone rapid development. Neurostimulation can be applied to a large part of the nervous system including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. Spinal cord stimulation has become a dominant pain relief modality because of its minimal invasiveness and the development of a multi-contact stimulating electrode system powered by a multi-programmable and rechargeable stimulator. Currently, destructive surgical procedures have a limited range of indications for pain control. However, the advantages of destructive procedures over non-destructive ones include continuous pain reduction without implantation of a stimulation system. Each of the surgical procedures has great potential for providing patients with significant relief from neuropathic pain.