Examining the accuracy of caregivers' assessments of young children's oral health status

J Am Dent Assoc. 2012 Nov;143(11):1237-47. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2012.0071.

Abstract

Background: Caregivers' perceptions of their young children's oral health status (OHS) are a strong determinant of whether the children visit a dentist. Our aims were to quantify the correlation between caregivers' assessments and their children's clinically determined restorative treatment needs, while investigating factors related to this association.

Methods: One hundred eight caregivers assessed their children's OHS by answering a question on the self-reported National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III instrument. Children underwent clinical oral examinations at one of two study sites of the Carolina Oral Health Literacy Project: a dental school-based clinic and a community-based health clinic. Examiners recorded the children's clinical treatment needs by using a modification of the caries severity index. The authors quantified concordance between the two measures with use of the Spearman rank correlation (ρ) and Kendall τ rank correlation, whereas they assessed differences in sociodemographic factors and oral health literacy (OHL) levels by using a homogeneity χ(2) test (P < .2 criterion).

Results: The concordance between caregivers' assessments and clinically determined OHS was lower for younger children (< 2 years, ρ = 0.29 versus = 2 years, ρ = 0.63 [homogeneity P = .03]), a pattern that was evident in the community clinic but not in the university clinic. Caregivers' age, education and OHL did not influence the accuracy of self-reports.

Conclusions: For children younger than 2 years, caregivers' assessments correlated poorly with clinical needs, which routinely were underestimated. Practice Implications. These findings underscore the importance of preventive dental visits at a young age and the early establishment of a dental home.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Attitude to Health*
  • Caregivers / psychology*
  • Child, Preschool
  • Community Health Centers
  • Dental Caries / classification
  • Dental Clinics
  • Educational Status
  • Female
  • Health Literacy
  • Health Status*
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Needs Assessment*
  • North Carolina
  • Oral Health*
  • Parent-Child Relations*
  • Parents / psychology*
  • Self Report
  • Universities
  • Young Adult