How low is low enough? Evaluation of various risk-assessment models for lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer: a Korean multicenter study

J Gynecol Oncol. 2012 Oct;23(4):251-6. doi: 10.3802/jgo.2012.23.4.251. Epub 2012 Sep 19.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify a standard for the evaluation of future models for prediction of lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer through estimation of performance of well-known surgicopathological models.

Methods: Using the medical records of 947 patients with endometrial cancer who underwent surgical management with lymphadenectomy, we retrospectively assessed the predictive performances of nodal metastasis of currently available models.

Results: WE EVALUATED THREE MODELS INCLUDED: 1) a model modified from the Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) pilot study; 2) one from the GOG-33 data; and 3) one from Mayo Clinic data. The three models showed similar negative predictive values ranging from 97.1% to 97.4%. Using Bayes' theorem, this can be translated into 2% of negative post-test probability when 10% of prevalence of lymph node metastasis was assumed. In addition, although the negative predictive value was similar among these models, the proportion that was classified as low-risk was significantly different between the studies (56.4%, 44.8%, and 30.5%, respectively; p<0.001).

Conclusion: The current study suggests that a false negativity of 2% or less should be a goal for determining clinical usefulness of preoperative or intraoperative prediction models for low-risk of nodal metastasis.

Keywords: Endometrial cancer; Low-risk group; Lymph node dissection; Lymphadenectomy; Prediction; Sensitivity and specificity.