Fat emulsions as diffusive reference standards for tissue simulating phantoms?

Appl Opt. 2012 Oct 20;51(30):7176-82. doi: 10.1364/AO.51.007176.

Abstract

Intralipid 20% was recently suggested as a diffusive reference standard for tissue simulating phantoms. In this work, we extend previously obtained results to other fat emulsions, specifically Intralipid 10%, Intralipid 30%, Lipovenoes 10%, Lipovenoes 10% PhosphoLipid Reduced, Lipovenoes 20%, Lipofundin S 10%, and Lipofundin S 20%. Of particular importance for practical applications, our measurements carried out at a wavelength of 751 nm show the following features. First, these products show high stability and small batch-to-batch variations in their diffusive optical properties, similar to Intralipid 20%. Second, the absorption coefficient of Intralipid, Lipovenoes, and Lipofundin S are very similar and their measured values are within the experimental errors; moreover the reduced scattering coefficient of Intralipid 20%, Lipovenoes 20%, and Lipofundin S 20% are similar and their measured values are within 5%. Third, the reduced scattering coefficient of Intralipid 10% and Intralipid 30% can be scaled from that of Intralipid 20% with an error of 9% and 2%, respectively. A similar scaling property is valid for Lipovenoes and Lipofundin S. We have verified that this scaling property depends on the composition of the fat emulsions: If the ingredients exactly scale with the concentration then the reduced scattering coefficient almost exactly scale as well.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Algorithms
  • Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / chemistry*
  • Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / standards
  • Humans
  • Light
  • Nephelometry and Turbidimetry / methods
  • Nephelometry and Turbidimetry / standards
  • Particle Size
  • Phantoms, Imaging*
  • Reference Standards
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Scattering, Radiation
  • Spectrophotometry / methods
  • Spectrophotometry / standards

Substances

  • Fat Emulsions, Intravenous