Sonographic parameters of spleen in children living in the Orenburg region taking into account the level and character of anthropogenous pollution of territory of residing are studied. The analysis of indicators of pollution of factors of inhabitancy (atmospheric air, potable water soil) is carried out. One-stage population research of 7000 children aged from 1 to 18 years living in urbanized and rural territories is conducted. Research has established that the linear sizes of a spleen according to ultrasonic research in children living in urbanized territories appear to be more than the linear sizes of a spleen in children residing in rural areas. These data are related to the raised level of anthropogenous pollution of the urbanized territories.