The authors carried out the analysis of training system of doctors - pediatrists in the different countries of Europe and USA. It is shown, that there exist three models of the organization of rendering of medical care to the children: pediatric model (the doctor - pediatrist as a primary part of rendering of medical care of children), system of the general practice (the doctor - pediatrist carries out functions of the adviser) and the combined system which is based on the listed above models. Pointed that the system of the general practice is inherent in the countries with a high level of incomes on one inhabitant of the country.