Every year millions of individuals worldwide require complex reconstructive procedures as a result of various traumatic events. Recent success in composite tissue allotransplant, has shown that allografts generally present an enormous potential in reconstructive surgery. Peripheral nerve allograft represents a relatively new research field, therefore many aspects are still to be clarified. The main interests of this study concerning nerve allograft are directed to harvesting from cadaver or living donor, allografts denaturation and conservation, recipient tolerance to allograft, immunosuppressive medication, and quantifying the outcomes of nerve regeneration.