A fluorescent alternative to the synthetic strigolactone GR24

Mol Plant. 2013 Jan;6(1):100-12. doi: 10.1093/mp/sss110. Epub 2012 Sep 30.

Abstract

Strigolactones have recently been implicated in both above- and below-ground developmental pathways in higher plants. To facilitate the molecular and chemical properties of strigolactones in vitro and in vivo, we have developed a fluorescent strigolactone molecule, CISA-1, synthesized via a novel method which was robust, high-yielding, and used simple starting materials. We demonstrate that CISA-1 has a broad range of known strigolactone activities and further report on an adventitious rooting assay in Arabidopsis which is a highly sensitive and rapid method for testing biological activity of strigolactone analogs. In this rooting assay and the widely used Orobanche germination assay, CISA-1 showed stronger biological activity than the commonly tested GR24. CISA-1 and GR24 were equally effective at inhibiting branching in Arabidopsis inflorescence stems. In both the branching and adventitious rooting assay, we also demonstrated that CISA-1 activity is dependent on the max strigolactone signaling pathway. In water methanol solutions, CISA-1 was about threefold more stable than GR24, which may contribute to the increased activity observed in the various biological tests.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • 4-Butyrolactone / analogs & derivatives*
  • 4-Butyrolactone / chemical synthesis
  • 4-Butyrolactone / chemistry
  • 4-Butyrolactone / pharmacology
  • Arabidopsis / drug effects
  • Arabidopsis / growth & development
  • Arabidopsis Proteins / genetics
  • Arabidopsis Proteins / metabolism
  • Carrier Proteins / genetics
  • Carrier Proteins / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / drug effects
  • Germination / drug effects
  • Isoindoles / chemical synthesis
  • Isoindoles / chemistry
  • Isoindoles / pharmacology*
  • Lactones / chemical synthesis
  • Lactones / chemistry
  • Lactones / pharmacology*
  • Orobanche / drug effects
  • Orobanche / growth & development
  • Plant Roots / drug effects
  • Plant Roots / genetics
  • Plant Roots / growth & development
  • Plant Shoots / growth & development
  • Spectrometry, Fluorescence

Substances

  • Arabidopsis Proteins
  • CISA-1 compound
  • Carrier Proteins
  • GR24 compound
  • Isoindoles
  • Lactones
  • MAX2 protein, Arabidopsis
  • 4-Butyrolactone